Should the Military Be Exempt from Environmental Regulations Free Essay Example, 1500 words

Running head: Exemption of military from environmental conservation (insert Should the military be exempted from environmental conservation? Date (insert date) Outline 1. Introduction 2. Background 3. Methods Literature review a) Pollution b) Unsafe environment c) Land degradation d) Loss of aesthetic value 4. Results a) Justification for military exemption in environmental conservation b) need for good training of soldiers c) Need for testing of new weapons d) Repercussions of military exemption in environmental conservation 5. Recommendations and conclusions a) more land allocation to military b) Allocation of more funds to the military c) Use of environmental friendly weaponry 6. References Should the military be exempted from environmental conservation? Introduction Environmental degradation would lead to occurrence of diseases like cancer and widespread environmental hazards for example droughts, floods etc. Due to the various benefits of environment, the federal government tries to ensure that the environment is properly conserved for the future generations. This is done by proper legislation through acts of parliament, formation of organizations that ensure protection of endangered species and supporting world organizations whose mandate is to protect the environment. In the process of environmental conservation, an important question about the military involvement is environmental conservation normally surface. Scholars like Benedict Cohen and Jamie Clark have been able to argue out ideas on the military involvement in environmental conservation. We will write a custom essay sample on Should the Military Be Exempt from Environmental Regulations or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Indeed, the issue of environmental conservation should be taken with the seriousness it deserves hence no person or personality should be exempted in the efforts of environmental conservation. Background information Environment is the conditions or the surroundings through which a human being, plant or animal operates. It involves the air, the waters, the soil, forests, etc. The environment is beneficial because it is a habitat to living things, source of food for animals, source of medicine and provides beautiful scenery during man’s relaxation. Over the past century, the military activities have been strongly linked to being insensitive to the conservation of the environment. Research through books, journals, newspaper articles and other forms of media has shown that the environmental pollution and degradation is due to the some of the military activities. The military may affect the environment unwillingly such as during combat or even during the training and testing sessions.

A Modern Day Form Of Slavery Essay - 2107 Words

Literature Review While DMST is considered to be a modern-day form of slavery, history has recorded that the sexual exploitation of children has been practiced in America since its colonization. While slavery was abolished in the 19th century, it did not dissipate completely and it wasn’t until the beginning of the 20th century that the issue of child sex trafficking began to receive significant attention. This was in part due to the Trafficking Victim’s Protection Act (TVPA) that was passed in 2000 which protected victims of trafficking by enhancing criminal penalties under the law as well as made benefits and services to victims available (TVPA, 2000). Since the act’s establishment, the TVPA has been amended 4 times in order to grow with the changing attitudes, policies, and approaches to best combat human trafficking (DeCeoursty, 2016). The terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 refueled the United States dedication to sex trafficking by declaring DMST as a threat to national security which transformed the way human trafficking should be approached (DeCeoursty, 2016). The post-911 environment embraced a crime control approach by focusing more on combating organized crime activity instead of the issue of human rights and the recognition of victimization (DeCeoursty, 2016). However, this crime control approach to human trafficking failed to address the underlying structural problems, which is the high demand for the sex trafficking industry. Over time, the Department ofShow MoreRelatedSex Trafficking : A Form Of Modern Day Slavery1344 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many different branches of human trafficking, but sex trafficking, a form of modern day slavery, has become more prevalent in the world today. Sex trafficking is defined as â€Å"The enslavement of unwilling people who are coerced into a condition for sexual exploitation† (Jefft 221). â€Å"It has been estimated by the U.S. State Department that between 700,000 and 2,000,000 people are trafficked each year worldwide, and 80% of them are being exploited as sexual slaves† (Territo 3). Sex traffickingRead MoreHuman Trafficking : A Modern Day Form Of Slavery1591 Words   |  7 Pagesfastest growing criminal enterprise in the world. It exists in every country. It’s victims are both old and young, black and white, and spans every socioeconomic bracket. The Department of Homeland Security defines human trafficking as, ‘a modern-day form of slavery involving the illegal trade of people for exploitation or commercial gain’ (What Is Human Trafficking?). While people are trafficked for a majority of reasons, the most common are sexual exploitation and forced labor. It’s estimated thatRead MoreHuman Trafficking : Modern Day Form Of Slavery Essay1698 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Trafficking: The Modern-Day Form of Slavery Laura Gomez Case Western Reserve University On October 6, 2016, the CEO of the Backpage.com was arrested in Texas on allegations of sex trafficking and pimping involving underage victims (Fernandez, 2016). In Los Angeles, 153 prostitution-related arrests were made along with the rescue of 10 victims forced into the sex trade (Evans, 2016). A human trafficking sting in Texas, headed by McLennan County Sherriff s Office and the Homeland SecurityRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is A Modern Day Form Of Slavery1393 Words   |  6 Pagesname for modern slavery.   Different medias, like television shows and movies, make it look like human trafficking only happens in foreign countries or to foreign citizens.   That however, is dangerously untrue.   It is one of the biggest crime industries in America, behind drug and arms dealing.   It’s happening right in our backyard, human trafficking is extremely prevalent in big American cities and states with international borders and national highways. â€Å"Sex Trafficking is a modern-day form of slaveryRead MoreHuman Trafficking : A Form Of Modern Day Slavery1394 Words   |  6 PagesHuman trafficking, a form of modern-day slavery, is the third largest money making venture in the world; 2.5 million out of 8.1 million of forced labor are sex trafficked and 1.7 million of women and girls are in commercial sexual exploitation (Stone 320). When it comes to human trafficking, it can happen to anyone and anywhere. Many female victims are sexually exploited because women and girls under the age of 18 are lured and misled by promises of employment, leaving their home and considerationRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is A Form Of Modern Day Slavery1568 Words   |  7 PagesModern Times Slaves Human trafficking is a form of modern day slavery where its perpetrators profit from control, exploitation, coercion and defrauding of others through forced labor, or sexual exploitation and in some cases both. Sexual exploitation is the most prevalent form of human trafficking especially in the United States. Even though accurate statistics are rare in this field, those currently existing approximate that massive numbers of women and girls are sold for sexual exploitation withinRead MoreHuman Trafficking : A Form Of Modern Day Slavery1339 Words   |  6 Pages Trafficking in persons or TIP, â€Å"is a form of modern day slavery† (Women’s Bureau 2002). â€Å"Traffickers often prey on individuals who are poor; frequently unemployed, or underemployed, and who may lack access to social safety nets. Victims are often lured by traffickers with false promises of good jobs and better lives, and then forced to work under brutal and inhumane conditions†(Attorney General). TIP â€Å"involves the use of violence, threats or deception to create a pliant and exploitable work force†Read MoreHuman Trafficking Is A Form Of Modern Day Slavery1147 Words   |  5 Pages Human trafficking is a form of modern day slavery that involves the buying and selling of human beings. Although human trafficking is highly illegal The United Nations estimate that 2.5 people are trafficked every year (2008). Most victims of human trafficking are from Asia, Slavic European nations and Central America (Thio Taylor 2011).These victims may be tricked into leaving their countries with false promises of a better life. Once imprisoned the victims are told they now have large debtsRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is A Form Of Modern Day Slavery1262 Words   |  6 PagesHuman trafficking is a form of modern day slavery that supplies human beings for prostitution, sweatshop labor, domestic work, marriage, agricultural work, armed conflicts (child soldiers), and other forms of labor or services (Advances in Human Resources). Many people think this is a problem only foreign countries have to face. The reality is that human trafficking occurs in every country. In fact, the United S tates is one of the top ten destinations for human trafficking operations – there haveRead MoreHuman Trafficking : A Form Of Modern Day Slavery2259 Words   |  10 PagesHuman Trafficking Stott and Ramey stated in their journal: â€Å"Human Trafficking described as a form of modern-day slavery, human trafficking tremendously violates the rights of its victims. Human trafficking is quickly becoming one of the fastest-growing business of organized crime. Bales and Lize explained that human trafficking is a means by which people are brought into as well as maintained in, slavery and forced labor. It is an actual process of enslavement† (Stotts and Ramey, 36-47). Human trafficking

Essay about Should We as Consumers Resist Globalization

Should we as consumers resist Globalization? In order for us to fully answer this question we must look at the advantages and disadvantages of Globalization from the perspective of the consumer. Seeing as every person on this planet at some point of another has been a consumer we should not have an issue giving an answer to the question. At this point it is good to point out that the United States has always been a melting pot for cultures throughout the world. We were founded on the concept that all men are created equal. In order for our country to grow, many different people immigrated to our country. These people would form businesses and help to grow the strength of our fledgling economy. These same people still had family†¦show more content†¦People could now see exactly what was happening throughout the country and the world. People no longer were yearning for those tight knit families, but pursuing their own interests and looking out for themselves. This men tality very easily could be spread throughout the world with the introduction of American businesses. A company like McDonald’s is seen as a fast-food chain that does not necessarily offer any healthy options. What they do offer is quick, cheap food that can be consumed while on the go. Many cultures still believe they should sit down as a family and spend multiple hours eating and chatting. This culture is affected directly by stopping at a McDonald’s, grabbing food and in a matter of minutes being done eating. There is no longer a need to sit around with the family. A secondary reason and potentially more important one for a nation is the current economic recession we are seeing. Nations that are fully engaged in Globalization have been lowering the requirements and laws for foreign entities. In doing so it makes it easier for a foreign nation to establish a presence in that company. Most of the time the company will hire local workers to fulfill their needs at that location. The government has now given this business a break to establish itself locally and is collecting minimal monies on taxes. The local people are employed and money isShow MoreRelatedNegative Effects Of Globalization1552 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization has negative and positive effects that impact all levels of everyday operations from the international community through regions to individuals. Some oppose the changes it brings, some turn it to their benefit. The latest globalization wave carrying American values hit the Arab Spring particularly hard. The fight against conformation to American values intensified Jihad movements through terrorism against the Western world. Terrorist groups were able to utilize the same communicationRead MoreWhy The Economic Liberalization Is Regarded As A Second Step Towards Facilitating Globalization1478 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization is the process of integrating various economies of world without creating any hindrances i n the flow of goods and services, technology, capital, and even labor or human capital. The term globalization means to permit the free flow of goods and services in the world. To create an environment in which free flow of capital can take place among nation states, an environment permitting free flow of technology and from the point of view of developing countries, creation of environment inRead MoreSupply Chain Management Value Of Supply Chains1122 Words   |  5 Pagesmanagement should be to meet customer demand, produce excellent customer value, enhance responsiveness to change, build a network that can resist risk, and develop financial success. Discussion: The simplest level of supply chain management is to make inventory readily available to meet customer demand. Without inventory, there is nothing available to draw customers in. Through their resources, organizations must meet supply with demand in a timely fashion. Supply chain partners should work togetherRead MoreReaction Paper- Reclaiming the Commons1627 Words   |  7 Pagesauthor defines what anti-globalization movement means in her own words. The meaning and origins of the term anti-globalization movement is disputed amongst various socialists and economists, but Klein says that anti-globalization movement can mean different things to different people based on their interests in a particular issue. It is therefor the movement of many movements. Before going in depth about the article, it is important to know from where the idea of anti-globalization comes from and howRead MoreCharacteristics of 21st Century Hr1708 Words   |  7 Pagesprepare for their changing role by adopting a human investment perspective that is more active than reactive and that no longer relies on the hierarchical organizational structures of the past. Instead, the focus will be on catering to the needs of consumers and employees and using business strategies in human resources policies and practices. Recruitment Challenges Recruiting a workforce that reflects today s reality is another challenge for human resources departments. To address the challenge ofRead MoreGenetically Modified Foods: Are They killing Us?849 Words   |  3 Pages Genetically Modified Organisms are foods that have had their DNA altered scientifically to either produce bigger crops, resist diseases, and control insects as well as weeds and other crop related hazards. While the companies that manufacture GMO’s throughout the world state that these crops are safe for human consumption, many people disagree with the companies claim of safety. Several scientific studies that have been conducted on GMO’s show that these foods have the potential to cause significantRead MoreMarxs Term For Capitalist1723 Words   |  7 PagesBourgeoisie: Page 10; Marx’s term for capitalist, those who own the means of production. The food production companies have accentually bought the government. If they come up with a plan to produce more food, no matter how harmful it may be to the consumer, the government will not step in to protect the citizen of Americans. As the bourgeoisie owns the industry, this fact has been proven within the video of Food Inc. What is astonishing is that a company was actually able to get a patent on lifeRead MoreIllegal Immigrants in America Essay1001 Words   |  5 Pagesthat I have learned throughout life is, â€Å"Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains (Rousseau 4).† This sums up how society dictates our lives and limits us to what the media wants to us to believe. Whether it is legal or illegal, everybody should be treated equally. Illegal immigrants might always end up with the short end of the stick, but they heavily support the US economy. They contribute by paying taxes every year. In addition, they adopt difficult low wage jobs that are not of intere stRead MoreThe Life Cycle of Resistance to Change2759 Words   |  12 Pagespeople feel that change is the only thing in life that is constant. In many cases organizations cannot avoid change because if they do the risk the chance of going under or their organization failing. Causes for Change Today we live in a world where things are always changing. We have to change to keep up with society. Managers of organizations need to be aware of all the internal and external environmental factors that can promote change within an organization. Internal factors are all the thingsRead MoreGlobal Business Environment - Case Study: Carrefour5517 Words   |  23 PagesIntroduction 3 I. Globalization and Retailing market 4 Market overview 4 Forces driving competition 5 †¢ Buyer power 5 †¢ Supplier power 5 †¢ New entrants 6 †¢ Threats of substitutes 6 †¢ Degree of rivalry 6 II. Carrefour SWOT 7 Strengths 7 Weaknesses 8 Opportunities 8 Threats 9 III. External business environment: Key challenges and implications 10 Political and legal 10 Economic and Financial 11 Social, cultural, and Environmental 11 Technological 12 IV. Conclusion 13 Sources 14

Gene Therapy for Cancer Essay - 4395 Words

Cancer occurrs by the production of multiple mutations in a single cell that causes it to proliferate out of control. Cancer cells often different from their normal neighbors by a host of specific phenotypic changes, such as rapid division rate, invasion of new cellular territories, high metabolic rate, and altered shape. Some of those mutations may be transmitted from the parents through the germ line. Others arise de novo in the somatic cell lineage of a particular cell. Cancer-promoting mutations can be identified in a variety of ways. They can be cloned and studied to learn how they can be controlled. Several methods such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have been used to treat cancers. The cancer patients who are not helped†¦show more content†¦It may be possible to correct an abnormality in a tumor suppressor gene such as P53 by inserting a copy of the wild-type gene; in fact, insertion of the wild-type P53 gene into P53-deficient tumor cells has been shown to result in the death of tumor cells (3). This has significant implications, since P53 alterations are the most common genetic abnormalities in human cancers. The over expression of an oncogene such as K-RAS can be blocked at the genetic level by integration of an antisense gene whose transcript binds specifically to the oncogene RNA, disabling its capacity to produce protein. Experiments in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated that when an antisense K-RAS vector is integrated into lung cancer cells that over express K-RAS their tumorigenicity is decreased (4). Despite the promise of such approaches, a number of difficulties remain to be overcome, the most important of which is the need for more efficient systems of gene delivery. No gene transfer system is 100% efficient, unless germ-line therapy is contemplated. During the past two decades, there have been major advances in our understanding of how cancer develops, proving that cancer has a genetic basis (2). A series of genetic abnormalities that accumulate in one cell may result in a pattern of abnormal clonal proliferation. Our growing understanding of the genetic basis of cancer offers new opportunities for the molecular prevention and treatment of cancer. There has been aShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Gene Therapy For Curing Cancer892 Words   |  4 PagesGene Therapy for Curing Cancer Genes play an essential role in who we are today. They also can play a role on if somebody will develop certain diseases and illnesses. Scientists are starting to discover genetic mutations that can increase a person’s risk of cancer. For example, the BRCA gene test is type of blood test the doctors use to help identify mutations in genes that can cause a patient to be susceptible to breast cancer. Along with genetic testing for cancers, scientists and doctors areRead MoreEssay on Gene Therapy and Its Effect on Cancer3614 Words   |  15 PagesGene Therapy and Its Effect on Cancer The era of scientific advancement in the twentieth century has encouraged several scientific fields to merge into a new, futuristic science called Biotechnology. One idea behind Biotechnical science is taking advantage of molecular biology. At the forefront of this advancement is gene therapy which attempts to treat disease at its origin on the molecular level(Kreeger,1996). Essentially, this therapy deliberately introduces genes into the human cellsRead MoreMediated Gene Regulation For Cancer Therapy Essay1558 Words   |  7 PagesMicroRNA-mediated Gene Regulation Alex Almazan Animal, Rangeland, and Wildlife Sciences Department, Texas AM University Kingsville December 5, 2016 MicroRNA-mediated Gene Regulation Introduction MicroRNAs are short regulatory RNAs that modulate gene expression and are expressed in many diseases, including cancer. Studies have shown that microRNAs inhibit the translation and facilitate degradation of their targeted messenger RNAs which makes them a great candidate for the use in cancer therapy (ShahabRead MoreCancer and Gene Therapy Gene therapy is an experimental technique that allows doctors to insert a2400 Words   |  10 Pages Cancer and Gene Therapy Gene therapy is an experimental technique that allows doctors to insert a gene into a patient’s cell rather than using drugs or surgery. Gene therapy is a process of which defective or undesired genes in the body with â€Å"normal† genes. A vector is re-engineered to deliver the gene to a target cell. Then the gene is transferred to the cell’s nucleus and must be activated in order to function. The main focus of gene therapy is to replace a lost or improper gene with a newRead MoreGene Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis, Cancer, and Sickle Cell Diseases569 Words   |  3 PagesSclerosis, Cancer and Sickle cell disease. Briefly to explain my decision I choose these three because of the amount the people that get affected by these diseases are in staggering number. Cancer will have 5 million while Sickle-cell disease will have 2 million and finally Multiple Sclerosis will have 3 million. Beginning with Cancer, it is class of diseases characterized by out-of control cell growth. Currently there is around 100 different types of cancer. In current times some forms of cancer areRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Gene Therapy Gene therapy is a very controversial topic that has been700 Words   |  3 PagesThe Pros and Cons of Gene Therapy Gene therapy is a very controversial topic that has been discussed in the last five years and is being heavily studied to help cure cancer. Gene therapy is a technique aimed at treating genetic disorders by introducing the correct form of the defective gene into the patient’s genome (Dunlop et al., 2010). There are two main groups of gene therapy and they are germ line gene therapy and somatic gene therapy (Baksh, 2007). Germ line therapy consists of germ cellsRead MoreTreating Genetic Disorders with Gene Therapy Essay1164 Words   |  5 PagesGene Therapy With our current society rapidly advancing in both the technological and medicinal world, many new treatments have been born that can be used to treat genetic conditions that regular antibiotics and surgeries simply have no positive or progressive effect. Gene therapy is when a newly developed gene is transferred, or introduced, to an already existing gene, it is the attempt to treat one’s genetic disorder at the molecular level and could significantly improve the human populationRead MoreThe Therapeutic Potential of Gene Therapy1334 Words   |  6 PagesA novel therapeutic modality, gene therapy is the transfer of nucleic acids – DNA or RNA – into select somatic (body) cells to correct genetic defects or produce therapeutic proteins. It can be performed ex vivo (â€Å"out of the living†) or in vivo (â€Å"within the living†). In the ex vivo method, the target cells are removed from the patient, genetically modified, and reintroduced into the pati ents body. This approach is efficient but limited to easily accessible cells such as epithelial cells (cells coveringRead MoreGene Therapy And Its Effects1619 Words   |  7 Pagespatients are treated. Recently, gene therapy has been propelled into the spotlight with the most recent successful clinical trial in which scientists reprogrammed ordinary cardiac cells in pigs to mirror the function of the sinoatrial node, thereby inducing a steady heartbeat. In the last few decades since its inception, gene therapy has rapidly advanced; there have been remarkable strides in its methods and an increase in the range of targetable diseases. Gene therapy is the modification of the geneticRead MoreGene Therapy Essay772 Words   |  4 Pages Scientists believe in Gene Therapy Can Treat Cancers? Sarah Dziatko For many years treatment for cancer has been radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery, but through clinical trials immunotherapy has been tested on various patients that the previously listed treatments did not work for. Immunotherapy is a type of therapy in which the immune system is altered and strengthen to become more rigorous and able to attack cancerous cells. This new discovery is extremely important because it is like a fifth

Role of Media in Healthcare for Culture - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theRole of Media in Healthcare in Australia for Culture. Answer: Integrated health is not about promoting healthcare, but it also connects societies. It is a one long strand of a large social fabric, which is the responsibility of every individual and every profession living in the society. This service is a culturally sensitive concern in a country like Australia, as it is a multicultural country (Moorhead et al., 2013). Spreading awareness and informing the governmental laws about healthcare is important, as many people did not have the privileged to acquire quality healthcare. Here comes the role of media in healthcare, which helps to spread the important informations throughout the country. They fulfill their responsibility by spreading the news in populations. Starting from multimedia, mass media, social media and print media, these all help the Australian government by influencing the diverse population with great responsibility (Germov freij, 2013). This essay is going to discuss the role, power and responsibility of media in healthcare se ctor of Australia with critically analyzing some literatures. The assignment will discuss print and mass media communication and its positive and negative aspects of this on healthcare and will discuss the influence of media on culturally safe healthcare. Further, the essay will provide examples of incidences in which the media has influences the healthcare sector of Australia positively or negatively. While describing the role and power of media in healthcare, the reach of media in population should be known. According to the government of Australias statistics, an average Australian spends more than 13 hours of his week watching television. On the other hand, there are more than 8,153,000 people with age more than 16 reads print media every day in Australia. These statistics represents the reach and power of media over the Australian population (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2017). The younger generation is more attached to other forms of media such as social media and these forms of media affects every aspects of society, including healthcare. Media provides a basic communication stage to the healthcare sector in the country. This communication stage is further used by both private and public healthcare sector to spread the information about healthcare throughout the country. It has ceased the boundaries of people and their culture to spread the healthcare and associated bene fit to communities, who are deprived of this basic human right. Media helps the Australian healthcare sector by promoting the governmental healthcare strategies, movements, health promotional campaigns, spreading awareness about contagious diseases, spreading awareness about epidemics and so on (Flew Swift, 2013). Hence, it could be understood that it plays a role of central information system in the health communication channel. Such roles demonstrates the media as a powerful tool that influences people regardless of their culture, gender, creed and ethnicity. Social media is an example of billions of people on same platform. Therefore, by using social media to spread the healthcare related informations is an important step for healthcare industry in Australia (Zolkepli Kamarulzaman, 2015). As mentioned earlier, media has an immense reach in the population regardless of their gender, creed and ethnicity. Therefore, the influence, which can created by a media campaign have higher affects in the mindset of people than any other things. The awareness spread by media is faster and effect the lifestyle and culture as well. Therefore, there are chances of positive as well as negative influence. Healthcare in Australia is an important aspect and the government never neglects this crucial department, as multi-cultural diversity can create situations that sometimes creates epidemics. Therefore, the government uses the platform of media to spread basic knowledge about healthcare in population. The positive aspect of media in healthcare sector can be estimated by the fact that almost 15,000,000 people in Australians are associated with Facebook and the patients who have arrived at the hospital has mentioned the fact that they have got the information about the healthcare facility through social media or any other form of media. According to another survey, the population has accepted the fact that, people of 18 to 24 year old likely to discuss the about healthcare using social media platform. More than 31 percent of Australian healthcare organization have specific media guidelines attached in their specifications. This is because media provides the stakeholders with the opportunity to collaborate and form a network, to share and facilitate clients personal progress under medication. Beside the positive aspect of media on healthcare, there are some negative aspects as well, that leads to affect the healthcare sector in culturally sensitive society. Media, both print and mass media, has the tendency of biasness because nowadays media is famous for their role in sensitizing facts, news and earning money. This has affected the healthcare sector adversely as some media group supports one healthcare facility or campaign, and some other media group supports another media campaign. This created a dilemma in people who seek care in those healthcare facilities. Furthermore, in this age of social media, there are instances of fake healthcare advises and medicines that are being sensitized to spread social entropy in multi-cultural population of Australia. Hence, the influences of media, despite being positive or negative affects the mindset of common Australians and affects the cultural safety of the multi-diverse society as well (Flew Swift, 2013). The two media platforms that has been used in assignment for critical analysis of role of media in healthcare system of Australia are television or mass media and newspaper or print media. The critical analysis will contain positive as well as negative aspects of these mediums on the healthcare facilities of Australian healthcare department. The positive effects of media on spreading awareness about healthcare are increased accessibility and widened access. Because of the use of media, the health promotional camps can spread their information and awareness throughout the nation and hence, a large population can become aware of the intervention without any delay. The intervention becomes more available and a tailored information provided to the population helps them to take precaution during any health risk. The government also spread their health related policy to the population through newspaper articles or television bulletins and the population is allowed to add their valuable fee dback through their social media portals. The globally famous television channel of Australia namely ABC news takes the responsibility to share news about every devastating disease to Australian population. The news agency spreads awareness about HIV, obesity, diabetes in the population with complete details of its signs and symptoms, its educations and precautions and so on. According to the statistical reports of ABC news 84 percent of Australian follows their channel and through the advertisements and promotional campaigns, the network helps to spread the news of disease in the culturally sensitive population (Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 2017). According to the service, the ABC digital television service is utilized by 98.49 percent of Australians and hence, the government utilize this huge viewership of this channel to spread awareness about healthcare. Cultural safety is an integral part of healthcare as the doctors or nurses or the healthcare staff providing the healthcare should be aware of the cultural backg round of the patient. The SBS media of Australian network devoted a show on cultural safety in Australians and praised the way Australian healthcare workers help the indigenous, aboriginals, and people of other communities in healthcare. On the other hand, media can also affect healthcare negatively. This could be done directly or indirectly. The direct negative impact can be analyzed with social media and its effect on healthcare. Social media can affect the mental as well as physical health of people and due to which, the rate of mental illness among younger generation has been increased. The indirect effect of media on healthcare of culturally sensitive people has adverse effect, as the policy of the government comes under question (Chapman, 2015). An example of such media article was published in the IN daily newspaper of Australia, which stated that the healthcare system has become unsafe for indigenous people. This has several adverse effect on the mental state of people. This is because, several people follow these newspapers and if these newspaper spread news, which can influence a group of people to oppose against the healthcare policies of government, then a state of unrest, arises. This unrest is deleterio us for people who are availing benefits from the governmental healthcare policies with those who has the chance to connect to these policies. Such news bulletins are biased towards political parties and their only aim is to increase their revenue through creating sensational news articles (Willis Elmer, 2011). Several literatures can be used to demonstrate the role of media in promoting or influencing healthcare negatively or positively and putting effect on cultural safety of people of Australia (Walker Orttung, 2014). Television is highly influential, as it has the ability to affect the cultural and lifestyle related stability of people. Irrespective of gender, caste, creed and ethnicity, people watches television and if the news or piece of information, which has been the telecasted has informations that can create entropy amongst population, then it is not appropriate for that society. According to Higgs et al. (2014), the disadvantages of television is negative portrayal of government policies in the society. This is because the television telecasts news that effect the relationship of culturally diverse population and make them believe that if they admit in any healthcare facility, their cultural needs would not be fulfilled (Poteat, German Kerrigan, 2013). On the other hand, the print media is the oldest form of news information portal and due to which the population of readers belongs to every age group, every community and ethnicity. However, because some newspapers are biased or likely to frame to negative aspect of any governmental policy, so many culturally diverse people is trapped in the frame and their health gets affected. According to Perse and Lambe (2016), newspaper is one of the vibrant source of news and hence, the news editors or reporters should bear the responsibility of spreading the positive aspect of healthcare throughout communities and societies. Whereas, in reality they focus on creating unrest situation by criticizing the positive aspects of society. Several literature on the other hand neutralizes the role of media in healthcare. According to Esser (2013), the role and responsibility of media is to criticize the policies of government, irrespective of the fact that it can sensitize the cultural safety issue of population. Therefore, this literature defines it as a critical responsibility of the media and hence justifies such news publication in newspaper articles or television. After the literature review of these papers, it is clear that cultural security is one of the major concerns of the population of Australia and people should be given with such security in a multi-cultural country like Australia. The media plays a pivotal role in determining this security as criticizing the positive aspects of governments health policy, just to earn revenue is against the national ethics and media should take care of this practice. Finally, in the conclusion, it can be said that healthcare is an integral part of the human rights, irrespective of the gender, creed, ethnicity color and educational level. The government should take responsibility to spread the healthcare related information to the entire population and hence, the role of media comes in the scenario. The government uses media as the source to connect to people throughout the country regardless their community or tribe. However, when media houses uses their role, responsibity and power for granted and starts affecting the nation negatively, it creates culturally unsafe situation. There are huge populations who watches television every day or follows newspapers on regular basis. Therefore, such negative news works in the mind of people by dividing the society into fragments and an unrest situation arises. On the other hand, positive aspects of media helps to spread the awareness in the society. They inform the entire population about the risk factors of healthcare and provides them with interventions that can be helpful for those conditions. The assignment puts some of the positive and negative aspects of media on cultural safety in healthcare facilities of Australia. The assignment presented two newspaper articles that presented the healthcare related news positively and negatively. References Australian Broadcasting Corporation. (2017).Australian Broadcasting Corporation.About.abc.net.au. Retrieved from https://about.abc.net.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/ABCAnnualReport2016.pdf Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2017).4172.0 - Arts and Culture in Australia: A Statistical Overview, 2009.Abs.gov.au. Retrieved from https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/0/877A7AF30C3C6EB9CA25765500140F2A?opendocument Biocca, F. (2013).Television and Political Advertising: Volume I: Psychological Processes. Routledge. https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=JD9dAgAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PP1dq=influential+role+of+television+ots=lgtm1j_-CIsig=IEtgaKqqKCMFZ81ZgGNJiuF7E-I#v=onepageq=influential%20role%20of%20televisionf=false Chapman, S. (2015). 7. Media Advocacy for Public Health.ANALYTIC APPROACHES WITH STREET WISDOM, 91. Esser, F. (2013). Mediatization as a challenge: Media logic versus political logic. InDemocracy in the Age of Globalization and Mediatization(pp. 155-176). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Flew, T., Swift, A. (2013). Regulating journalists? The Finkelstein Review, the Convergence Review and news media regulation in Australia.Journal of Applied Journalism Media Studies,2(1), 181-199. Germov, J., Freij. M. (2013). Media and health: moral panics, miracles, and medicalisation. In J. Germov (Ed.), Second opinion: introduction to health sociology (5th ed.). (pp.337-355). South Melbourne, Vic: Oxford University Press. Higgs, E. S., Goldberg, A. B., Labrique, A. B., Cook, S. H., Schmid, C., Cole, C. F., Obregn, R. A. (2014). Understanding the role of mHealth and other media interventions for behavior change to enhance child survival and development in low-and middle-income countries: an evidence review.Journal of health communication,19(sup1), 164-189. Moorhead, S. A., Hazlett, D. E., Harrison, L., Carroll, J. K., Irwin, A., Hoving, C. (2013). A new dimension of health care: systematic review of the uses, benefits, and limitations of social media for health communication.Journal of medical Internet research,15(4). Perse, E. M., Lambe, J. (2016).Media effects and society. Routledge. https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=W8bLDAAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PP1dq=negative+effects+of+print+media+on+societyots=GYTIhSFaOKsig=PZVYY5nDJn3u4BKoARkZ29VaOOc#v=onepageqf=false Poteat, T., German, D., Kerrigan, D. (2013). Managing uncertainty: a grounded theory of stigma in transgender health care encounters.Social Science Medicine,84, 22-29. Walker, C., Orttung, R. W. (2014). breaking The neWS: The role of STaTe-run meDia.Journal of Democracy,25(1), 71-85. Willis, K., Elmer, S. (2011). Society, culture and health an introduction to sociology for nurses. (2nd ed.). (pp45-65). South Melbourne, Vic: Oxford University Press.

Describe and evaluate explanations of insomnia free essay sample

Insomnia is a state where an individual experiences difficulties with their sleep. There are 5 types of insomnia; long term, short term, trouble falling asleep, trouble staying asleep and waking up too early. Short term insomnia usually lasts a few days or weeks, it tends to be caused by immediate worries such as exams, deaths, noise, jet lag or temporary medical conditions such as colds. Long term (chronic) insomnia is experiencing sleep difficulties which last for more than 4 weeks. There is primary and secondary chronic insomnia. Primary chronic insomnia refers to problems with sleeping which do not have a direct cause – such as health or physical. It can be simply be due to developing and getting used to bad sleeping habits. Secondary chronic insomnia is where sleeping problems have an underlined cause, such as medical, physical or environmental, e. g. depression or heart disease. It is typical to be experienced by people who have shift work, as their circadian rhythm is not used to a sleeping pattern therefore the individual may have difficulties falling asleep. We will write a custom essay sample on Describe and evaluate explanations of insomnia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Older people also tend to experience insomnia due to discomfort when sleeping. They tend to spend less time in deep sleep (SWS) therefore can be woken up easily during sleep. Teenagers also suffer from secondary chronic insomnia due to experiencing phase delay, where they tend to go to sleep later. One explanation of insomnia is depression. DSM showed that insomnia is a symptom of depression. Research has showed that it is very important to diagnose if the individual is suffering from another condition, such as depression. This is because in order to treat insomnia, the underlining cause should be treated first, as it is unhelpful to treat the symptom but not the cause. However, this is not as simple. Insomnia and depression correlate, therefore it is difficult to say if insomnia is caused by depression or if depression is caused by insomnia. Chronic primary insomnia is developed by short term insomnia. Short term insomnia tends to last less than 4 weeks, however, when the individual gets used to bad sleeping habits, their expectations of insomnia will move onto developing chronic primary insomnia. Storms and Nisbett used this to develop a ‘reverse placebo effect’. They found that individuals suffering from insomnia went to bed earlier when they took the placebo pill, believing it is an arousal pill, than usual nights. They fit themselves in with the arousal pills rather than insomnia, relaxing and letting themselves fall asleep. This supports the argument that individuals expectations on bad sleep can lead to insomnia, and a further belief will lead to chronic primary insomnia. There are studies which link sleeping habits and exercise. Baron looked at women between the ages of 57-70, focusing on exercise and their sleep diaries. Tracing monitor used to see how long to fall asleep when woke up. After 6 week exercise programme the women had better sleep habits, and showed more improvement in sleep (slept extra 46min). This shows that other factors such as physical exercise may have an impact on our sleep. Research suggests that there are also gender differences in insomnia. There are gender differences in the diagnosis in both primary and secondary insomnia, more women tend to suffer from insomnia than men. Morin et al. suggest that this may be due to a higher level of neuroticism and anxiety in women than men.